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Цель исследования состоит в выявлении основных структурных, семантических, страноведческих и лингвокульторологических особенностей номинации в АСЭВС.
Исходя из цели исследования, ставятся следующие задачи:
1.сформулировать категориально-понятийный аппарат лингвистического и лингвокультурного анализа номинации в АСЭВС;
2.определить основные структурные особенности номинации в АСЭВС;
3.выявить основные семантические особенности номинации в АСЭВС;
4.раскрыть основные страноведческие и лингвокультурологические особенности номинации в АСЭВС;
5.установить продуктивность номинативных средств в АСЭВС.
Введение ………………………………………………………………..………4
Глава 1. Понятийно-терминологическая система лингвистического
и лингвокультурологичесого описания АСЭВС………………………..…....8
1.1. Вводные замечания………………………………………………..……….8
1.2. Проблема выделения АСЭВС как субстандартной формы существования национального языка…………………………………………………………...8
1.2.1. Понятие формы существования языка…………………………………8
1.2.2. Понятия национального языка и национального варианта языка……11
1.2.3. Место и структура лексического субстандарта в языковом субстандарте национального языка…..………………………………………………………14
1.3. Экзистенциальная сущность АСЭВС.……………………………………27
1.3.1. Из истории формирования АСЭВС…….………………………..……..27
1.3.2. Рабочее определение АСЭВС………………………………..…………30
1.4. Основные понятия номинативного анализа………………………………31
1.5. Выводы по Главе 1………………………………………………………..33
Глава 2. Особенности номинации в АСЭВС…………………………………36
2.1. Вводные замечания…………………………………..…………...……….36
2.2. Структурные особенности номинации в АСЭВС…………………..……36
2.2.1. Структурно-неотмеченные спортивные сленгизмы……………………36
2.2.2. Структурно-отмеченные спортивные сленгизмы ………………...……47
2.2.3. Продуктивность структурных типов и моделей в АСЭВС……………50
2.3. Семантические особенности номинации в АСЭВС……………………...55
2.3.1. Ономасиологические особенности спортивных сленгизмов …………55
2.3.2. Семасиологические особенности спортивных сленгизмов ...…………58
2.3.3. Продуктивность семантических средств номинации в АСЭВС....……62
2.3.4. Лингвострановедческий и лингвокульторологический компонент в семантике АСЭВС………………………………………………………………63
2.3.5. Продуктивность лингвострановедческих и лингвокульторологических средств номинации в АСЭВС……….…………………………………………..67
2.4. Выводы по Главе 2…………………………………………………………67
Заключение……………………………………………….……………………..69
Список литературы…………………………………………..…………………71
Список словарей……………………………………………….……………….76
Список Интернет-источников………….…………………….….……………..77
Приложение …………………………………………………………………….
Some dude with spiffy snowpants that's just been stomping it all day. e.g. "Way to stomp it Handsome Pants!"
a person....(usually old and on ski's) ..... carving all over the place and cunttin people off left and right
Headfirst dive. E.G. “He took a header trying a flip.”
This refers to the action that happens when hopping backside 180s between the transition of turns, using nothing but the heelside edge of the board. This is typically more difficult than toe to toes because of the backside rotation.
This is the edge of the board that is closest to the rider's heels.
awesome (that was hella) or really (that was hella cool)
Short for Herbert, a bad snowboarder or skier. In particular a skier who cuts boarders up and can't do parelell turns. Good looking female boarders and skiers are exempt from bieng called herbs.
Someone who boards shirtless with a peace-sign necklace.
1. Park feature. E.G. “There are 23 hits in the park.” 2. To trick off a park feature. E.G. “Let’s go hit the rail.”
The person you always see at the lodge or sitting in the parking lot with his board, but never hits the mountain EX: "That guy is a hoedad"
Spanish for guy, dude, homie etc.
Really quality female snowboarder who tears up the slopes
One who throws himself/herself wildly through the air and does not land on his/her feet. (by Jason Dow)
A gathering of snowboarders riding as hard and wild as possible
1. A term to describe something (stunt, idea, trick, discovery etc.) that is big. 2. A term to describe something (stunt, idea, trick, discovery etc.) that is awesome, gnarly or insane.
Upside-down. E.G. “He pulled an inverted method.”
A trick done on the heel side edge of your snowboard across a box or rail (opposite of a micheal jackson)
In this maneuver, the front hand grabs the toe edge, the front knee is tucked and the board is pulled up and the back is arched.
people who board\ski with jeans on
When you go down a run where you're not allowed, and you have to hike back up to avoid being caught by a guy in an orange coat and becoming kicked off the mountain. Example: Dude, it sucks that we had to jellybean it back there.
The act of riding on something other than snow, i.e. rails, trees, garbage cans, logs. (by Jason Dow)
Describes a snowboarder in the “Dirty South” that rides with a stiff, strait front leg and kicks (jimmies) the tail with their back foot. From Jason “The Jam” Cataloochee Ski Mtn. Founded in 2005 at an AASI Level I Exam
Someone who is a beginner skier/snowboarder and/or has a gap between his or her goggles and helmet. See Gaper
When you crash doing an ollie and everyone laughs at you.
Someone or something that is barely tolerable. May also be used as an adjective to describe something that is barely tolerable.
To build your own jump. "We built a sick kicker in the back country"
A homicidal maniac who boards with a knife in one hand. Hint: don't p!ss him off.
When riding halfpipes or other jumps, one may come into contact with various abnormal and not smoothly transitional surfaces. These kinks cause problems when trying to ride over them.
Doing something that is a bit crazy but awesomely entertaining. e.g. a kookoo run, a kookoo move, "Did you see that man? That was kookoo!"
Someone that gets so messed up they cant move for like 45 seconds. e.g. "That dude just got krunked on that 15-stair!"
A term used to describe incorporating something into a trick just before its' completion and landing, i.e. a Method to Late 180 would mean doing a method air and at the last possible second rotating 180 degrees and landing fakie. (by Jason Dow)
To jump very high and then to collapse like a lawn chair upon impact.
To be an air dog who always asks the question, ou est le discotech?
To sway from side to side all the way down the hill
Similar to real or absolutely awesome. "That trick was so legit!"
Unnecessary faking of an injury.
The path you take, usually backcountry, or off the reg slope lay-out. e.g. "How was that line?"
The top of the jump; the part that is usually quite steep. E.G. "That's an insane lip."
A person who bails at the lip of the jump. E.G. “Hey! There’s a LipLayer.”
This refers to a person who sits behind a lip of a large jump so you cannot see him or her until you are in the air.
When a rider definitely lands a trick to do his skill level. eg. "yo he's got that trick on lockdown, there's no way he won't stick that".
Rich person, often with really, really really, really expensive stuff. E.G. "That lottoey can't ride for beans, eh?"
The guy or girl that walks around the Resort Hotel taking advanage of the free internet Wi-Fi hookup on his/her laptop, always in the lobby chillin, walking around at 2 in the morning to find someone to talk to, you always seem to see this person everytime you go in an elevator, walks around in the robe and slippers from their room(mostly the guys do this), and yet you never see them with a board or any gear. Eventually you start to wonder if this person even has a room! Quote: "Dude! That girl just sits there on Myspace for hours!" or "That guy is so lame, he thinks he's cool because he can "pull-off" the robe and slippers. It's really not a pretty sight.
A landfill turned into skihill. It is very common in the midwest. Ex: "Dude when do we get off this lump and shred some mountain pow?"
Slang for a manual
To ride with the nose of your board elevated from the ground; wheelie. E.G. “That guy can manual the whole flat.”
Get max air off a jump, go horizontal in the air, forget to land and do a face plant.
A child between the ages of 4 and 9 years, on skis, with no concept of fear, speed or momentum.
A word used to describe something that that's really cool. The polar opposite of something that is uncool or barely tolerable (see karahe).
frontflip 180
to go very fast down a hill or do something sick off a jump. or just to leave." hey lets mob down this hill."im gonna mob this kicker." dude im done, lets mob outta here". its an oregon thing. peacE!
A ski-instructor
The bumps on a hill, that are created from snow being pushed down the mountain.
Lingo for supper.
A little off-piste trail, often through the woods. E.G. “I hit a rock taking the monkey trail.”
A term used to describe a boarder who disappears off on his own, becoming elusive and almost unknown to the rest of the group.
Friendly insult, as in "Ya muppet".
When you stick your back arm out for balance
Totally Sweet,Awsome Insane. "That Trick was so frikin nectar."
A new boarder that is not very good.
Borrowed from pilot slang, "Top Gun"- not possible/ no good/ why bother. e.g. Q-"What abot the lift?" A-"No joy- line is wicked long."
To launch the board into the air as with an ollie except to do so loading the nose of the board instead of the tail to get the pop.
New Boarder (can also be used to insult people). e.g. "That noob over there wiped out on the bunny hill!"
To ride with the tail of your board elevated from the ground; nose wheelie. E.G. “Can you pull a nose manual?”
Point on jump right before the landing.
To bomb a hill
Old people on the ski hill, generally wearing the 70's neon one piece suits. Some guys bomb kickerz and do the the splits. Kinda weird eh?
The act of lifting the nose and tail of your board into the air at the same time. “That ollie was HUGE!”
Riding with only one foot in your bindings. E.G. "Did you see that guy take the box one-footy."
A person who has all the nice things such as nice board and nice outfit but sucks at snowboarding. They are really good at acting so they deserve an oscar.
A term used to describe a crash or fall. e.g. "He packed into that snow bank and broke his leg." (by Jason Dow)
A boarder who displays a cavalier attitude to their own survival.
Partially Gnarly
Lie face down on the snow on a green or blue slope (red or black for the extreme penguin sliders out there). Press your belly into the snow and raise your snowboard up off the ground by bending your knees. Slide down the slope as fast as you can while looking like a penguin... The "penguin slide"...fun for all families!
This is the degree to which a snowboarder maintains a stance that is always perpendicular to the snow surface. Imagine an upside down "T". Maintaining this image helps the rider remain balanced and in control of their snowboard.
A thin layer of fresh pow on top if compacted snow
Used to describe how exceptional something is. "Phat Air" might be a really styled out trick as well as being "large", that is, very high.
Short for halfpipe. E.G. “Check out his style in the pipe.”
(Mostly) European word for a trail, slope, or a groomed run. Frence word meaning trail or track.
A snowboard. Referal to older snowboards.
Long way of saying 'black lung,' or more correctly, 'silicosis'. Longest word in the English language. If you snowboard in coal mines long enough, you might get it.
To ride a snowboard in a ski only area and or ski only resort and not get caught by the red coats. Made famous by jake burtons request for video evidence of Snowboarders in Mad River Glen Vt, Deer Valley Ut, Alta Ski area Ut, and Taos Ski Valley Nm. JAke burton offered 5000 dollars for video of one of these being poached someone could win 20,000 dollars
Mix of odd lingo, Swiffers and wonked stoners.
A description of hard snow that might be dirty/ nasty, ect. ex: Man theres so much poo ice out there . Dang it!
getting the push off the lip of a pipe or jump ex. "i didnt get the pop i needed to pull that trick"
when you fall, and one side of your body is covered in snow, like a frosted pop tart. frontside poptart-front covered in snow. backside poptart=back covered in snow.
One who pretends to be something one is not. (by Jason Dow)
French for homie, guy, dude.
1. A punch. 2. Short for powder. E.G. "Shreddin' da pow."
Fresh powder. e.g. "Cuttin the pow pow."
Somebody who only loves riding pow
Normally 1337 lingo: meaning to completely waste the competition or to pull off a big trick when someone said you couldn't. e.g. "That dude said i couldnt do a 360...well i totaly powned him!"
someone who doesn't ski or snowboard, or even hit the couloirs.
To apply pressure to a designated point of the board (nose or tail) and elevate the opposite end. Ex. "I stretched a sweet tail press down that face".
An insulting term used to describe an annoying skier or group of skiers.
A person who is cruising down a run with no problem, and then outta no where he dirfs it all by his self. EX: Dude that kid just pulled a Plax.
Crashing bad. "He caught his toe edge and punched the jump."
Short for quarter pipe. E.G. “Look at that QP!”
An old man/woman riding in the park. (Tricks are for kids)
Traditional style of bindings. i.e strap in bindings
Something that is totally sick!! aka cool or awesome. EX. "Dude that trick was Rad!"
Bail that occurs most at high speeds. One will catch and edge (usually heel) that sends them carooning out of control, resembling the form of a ragdoll, as they descend the slope.
This is a boarder who rides with his or her arms out, much like a tight rope walker.
another name for the knuckle. "aww man i landed right on the rhino fuck" also a verb "that kid just rhino fucked that jump"
when people smoke bud on the way up a lift
A versatile term used when describing excellent boarding technique e.g. "Mate, check out that hot chick, she's on the rinse." or "Dude, you totally rinsed that 720."