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Цель исследования состоит в выявлении основных структурных, семантических, страноведческих и лингвокульторологических особенностей номинации в АСЭВС.
Исходя из цели исследования, ставятся следующие задачи:
1.сформулировать категориально-понятийный аппарат лингвистического и лингвокультурного анализа номинации в АСЭВС;
2.определить основные структурные особенности номинации в АСЭВС;
3.выявить основные семантические особенности номинации в АСЭВС;
4.раскрыть основные страноведческие и лингвокультурологические особенности номинации в АСЭВС;
5.установить продуктивность номинативных средств в АСЭВС.
Введение ………………………………………………………………..………4
Глава 1. Понятийно-терминологическая система лингвистического
и лингвокультурологичесого описания АСЭВС………………………..…....8
1.1. Вводные замечания………………………………………………..……….8
1.2. Проблема выделения АСЭВС как субстандартной формы существования национального языка…………………………………………………………...8
1.2.1. Понятие формы существования языка…………………………………8
1.2.2. Понятия национального языка и национального варианта языка……11
1.2.3. Место и структура лексического субстандарта в языковом субстандарте национального языка…..………………………………………………………14
1.3. Экзистенциальная сущность АСЭВС.……………………………………27
1.3.1. Из истории формирования АСЭВС…….………………………..……..27
1.3.2. Рабочее определение АСЭВС………………………………..…………30
1.4. Основные понятия номинативного анализа………………………………31
1.5. Выводы по Главе 1………………………………………………………..33
Глава 2. Особенности номинации в АСЭВС…………………………………36
2.1. Вводные замечания…………………………………..…………...……….36
2.2. Структурные особенности номинации в АСЭВС…………………..……36
2.2.1. Структурно-неотмеченные спортивные сленгизмы……………………36
2.2.2. Структурно-отмеченные спортивные сленгизмы ………………...……47
2.2.3. Продуктивность структурных типов и моделей в АСЭВС……………50
2.3. Семантические особенности номинации в АСЭВС……………………...55
2.3.1. Ономасиологические особенности спортивных сленгизмов …………55
2.3.2. Семасиологические особенности спортивных сленгизмов ...…………58
2.3.3. Продуктивность семантических средств номинации в АСЭВС....……62
2.3.4. Лингвострановедческий и лингвокульторологический компонент в семантике АСЭВС………………………………………………………………63
2.3.5. Продуктивность лингвострановедческих и лингвокульторологических средств номинации в АСЭВС……….…………………………………………..67
2.4. Выводы по Главе 2…………………………………………………………67
Заключение……………………………………………….……………………..69
Список литературы…………………………………………..…………………71
Список словарей……………………………………………….……………….76
Список Интернет-источников………….…………………….….……………..77
Приложение …………………………………………………………………….
A term given to any rotation where the rider has oriented him/herself "blind" to his/her takeoff or landing and must stretch to look over their shoulder. Such a technique usually increases the difficulty.
Refers to the people who buy all matching equipment regardeles of quality or performance and are on the hill not to snowboard but to be seen snowboarding.
A beautiful day. e.g. "Cuttin' the pow pow on a blue bird day."
To point the nose of your board straight down the hill to accelerate. E.G. “He bombed the jump at 60 miles!”
A big hole in the landing of a powder jump from somebody bailing. "If you make a bomb hole on the landing of that jump, everybody will hate you.'
A term used to explain the emphasis of style in a trick. In other words, if someone "boned out an indy" they would grab hard and create an emphasis of the maneuver such that his/her legs may appear extended or stretched to a maximum degree.
A person who takes a beating of everybody on and off the piste.
Hitting an object really, really hard with your Snowboard
Riding/Skiing into a tree at high speed and not by choice.
When you smoke the competitors in a competition
It's what is said when you fall in the thick stuff, because "Boomph" is the sound that is made.
A term used to describe catching air off of a jump. e.g. "He boosted ten feet out of the halfpipe."
This refers to a massive kicker that needs to be hit down harder to insane air, thus requiring a harder kick than a kicker. "Oh man that thing is huge, it's definitely a booter."
A term used to describe a new boarder who can't stay upright
Skiers, or sometimes boarders, who are making an obstruction of themselves. Typically skiers who stop in a group blocking the track, most often on a flat spot or at the top of an incline a boarder will need to keep speed up to get over (where it is most annoying). Can also be slow skiers carving together in such a way that you can't pass them.
Boarder Patrol
when girls throw bras and panties on a tree under the lift
When someone hits a kicker and their snowboard comes out from underneath them and they land on there back. (derived from kids in the east coast)
A common term used to describe an unintentional fast descent e.g. "coming down on the last run, I intially intended to stay off the fall line, but in the end I just had to Brid"
a word that means really cool or good eg that trick was so broadway.same as words like sick,rad
When something is wack. Mostly when the pipe or best run is closed EX: "Dude, the pipe is closed? That's Bunk!"
Small hill usually with a toe rope where beginners learn to snowboard.
A term used the same as the verb "to do" only with more emphasis. e.g. "He busted huge air over that tree."
The result of sliding out while attempting a backside boardslide.
This refers to a tail press on flatland or a box. Example: Dude, I totally landed that switch butter!
When you lean on the nose of your board (like a nose manual) and swing the tail of your board in front. E.G. “Did you see that butter to BS 5?”
this trick is where you do a butter frontside or back side then 180
description of a snowboard with good flex that lends itself well to the butter maneuver
Landing on the nuckle of the jump and compressing.
When the snowboard vibrates unnecessarily. Usually this happens at higher speeds and through turns. Racers are always trying to reduce chatter in their boards so they can stay in control. (by Jason Dow)
It means chillout and relax.
Rough Terrain "Its a little choppy choppy today, lets bail."
A fat kid that has no skillz
A person obsessed with taking C-boxes.
Coming to a halt by sliding your board between someone else's bindings, intentionally or otherwise.
When a snowcat freshly grooms a trail it will leave a finely ridged surface. Corduroy is usual very nice for laying out clean turns. (by Jason Dow)
Is freestyle used to describe an off-axis rotation.
A sudden drop-off, usually in the backcountry. E.G. “ Wow! That was a huge cornice eh?”
Slopes. e.g. "Rockin' down the badass couloirs".
Fantastically crapy. Examples: "the conditions on the Mt are craptastic." or "that craptastic landing wishboned my board."
this word is used when you observe someone who has completely beefed so bad that it is amazing that they are alive.
A term used to describe a crash or fall. e.g. "He fell off the lift and cratered into a snow bank." (by Jason Dow)
A group of people you shred with. "We had mad crew shredding last weekend."
Used to define something that happened and was awsome -"That was stunt was hella crispy bro!" (also see Crunchy)
What you call making a relaxed and mellow run on a fairly smooth trail.
english people eat these for good luck before hitting the slopes
A term used to describe something great, i.e., "The snow is super crunchy right now."
Glorious in every way. I.E. "Yo bro, that 360 tail press was Crust-Bustin'!"
A boarder who has a ski pole and pushes hisself/herself with the pole.
when the slopes are so icy that they resemble a curling field. ex. "check out that kid shreding the curling field"
An expression used to describe awesomeness. Ex: that board is totally dank!
a big snowball in the middle of a run frozen to the ground.
The top of both sides of the halfpipe where riders can drop-in or destroy themselves if they fail to carry momentum properly. ie. dude I just hit the deck and bailed backwards to the bottom of the pipe or dude just lean forward and lift your knees to get on the deck of the halfpipe.
describing a really awsome run or trick EX. That 1080 air was dirty pool!
A parent that has their kid on a leash to teach them how to snowboard.
1. A word to describe someting that can't be described 2. Forign Currency. e.g. "Did you see the size of the DOINKLET'S?"
This is making an ollie movement to change edges in a turn down the hill. Example: heelside nose lifts of snow first then heelside tail , then nose toeside lands and then tail toeside and so forth.
To say that was good, great, excellent! E.g. "Dude, that was dope!"
A term used for when a Ski/ Snowbaord instructor is leading a bunch of small children around that are wearing red or orange "please don''t hit me" vests. It is characterized as a dragon because from a distance, the line of red dots resemble a dragon. Usually, this word is only used when the Dragon is in your way, or your about to take out one of its kids.
Beginner snowboarder who 'drifts' across the hill by side-slipping back and forth.
insult, short for drop your trousers, :"drop trou you bonj"
Shaking the snow off your board while on a lift so it hits somebody below. "You totally dropped a load on that chick."
Who is going next down the run, jump, or rail.
A snowboard or ski slope that is not made out of snow and can be used year round in places that dont get very much snow.
if you don't know someones name just call them dude
Thin layer of snow on top of crusty snow (snow with ice on top).
If something is really good same as sick "wow dutty jump bro"
When someone is using a board that is too short for their height
new heliski company in gudauri, georgia
Same as face plant.
It is an invert where the halfpipe wall is approached fakie, the rear hand is planted, a 360-degree backside rotation is made, and the rider lands going forward. This is named after Eddie Elguera.
Anything that is totally awsome. e.g. "That jump was wicked epic", "That board is epic"
When you get some air and meditate.
When the opening take-off area for a jump, rail, or piece of equipment is cut into and tracks are left by the snowboarders edges when turning before the take-off or lip of the jump. (ie. that ride up to that jib is etched out like crazy, lets go hit some tables.)
When you fall and plant your face deep in the snow
Riding the snowboard backwards from a normal stance
When attempting a rail or picnic table Fakie that you fall off rail or table and land hard on your ass.
The route directly down the hill; it is the most direct path down a mountain.
Beginner snowboarder that rides one edge horizontally, back and forth, the whole way down the slope.
Some old fart of a two-planker that's wearing snowpants from the 80s - the one that's like hunting while skiing or making a hippy statement.
Cool foreign dude from the Andes that pulls lots of hot chick with his South American charm.
A term used to describe riding badly and out of control. (by Jason Dow)
What a snowboarder looks like after he has been drunk or stoned, goes off a jump, and hits a tree or pole at full speed.
A fluke is when you pull off an insane trick without meaning.
A column of snow stacked on a terrain feature such as a rock or on a near-vertical slope
When you catch an edge and fall forward, slapping the ground very quickly and rapidly, often results in a 'whiplash' feeling.
Term for accident involving two snowboarders, when the boards entangle causing injury.
to take a piss
The morning powder before other boarders or skiers have hit the slopes. USAGE: After realizing that you and your friends are the first people off the lift, "Woah, major freshies dude."
A word used to describe a skier. EX: "Thst damn fruit booter cut me off!"
Frontside (If you’re regular, spinning to the left. If you’re goofy, spinning to the right). E.G. “He did an FS 180.”
To mess up something badly...(i.e. You fudged that jib dorkmo!)
Skier or "tourist in the way with no business on the mountian". `nuff said...
A rider so on form that it is considered illegal to shame his fellow riders in such a fashion.
A ride on the gondola, during which the occupants partake of some kind bud.
To fly over something without touching it. e.g." I gaped the road."
pronounced "GAY-per", an inexperienced skiier or boarder who attempts runs or tricks that they are not able for- ironically ends up with no injuries themself but causes everyone else to break bones.
Something that is very gross or crusty, i.e. "I lent my board to a mate and it was all ghetto when i got it back."
A wave or jump that resembles a large monster.
when youre slashin the gnar pow full on ( e.g. Kaley is goin gnar pow kill on Qualmie fo' real)
Wicked, awsome, cool. e.g.
"That was gnarly."
According to tarn montagu, it could also mean something hard, e.g. "That's
a gnarly drop."
For those of us who live in Marylebone london, but still like to rock sweet pow pow on our sick boards. e.g. "This slope is gnarylebone"
Beginner, confused, selfish, or aloof Riders that sit on trails, usually in the middle and mostly to talk or Gape at the view.
A Rider/Skier that has gone berserk in either a positive or negative way. Typcially when a Rider has pulled off a difficut feat or when a Rider/Skier has had enough and lashes out, usually at resort staff.
Riding with the right foot in front instead of the left foot which is the normal stance
Another name for a small, young snowboarder. Especially one who is very "in" to snowboarding. (by Jason Dow)
Another word for piste. e.g. "He cruised the groomers all day."
High Altitude Induced Flatulence aka - Mountain Butt The curious, and as yet unexplained, condition experienced when coming from sea level to a higher elevation