Рефераты по иностранным языкам

Successful business person

27 Марта 2011, творческая работа

Success is having all that you wanted to have. It's finding that you have achieved your goals or fulfilled your plans and it's waking up in the morning feeling victorious rather than feeling beaten up. Success is walking proudly in the streets with your head up high while being happy and satisfied

Summer and winter sports

02 Декабря 2010, Не определен

People all over the world are very fond of sports and games. That is one of the things in which people of every nationality and class are united. The most popular outdoor winter sports are shooting, hunting, hockey and, in the countries where the weather is frosty and there is much snow - skating, skiing and tobogganing. Summer affords excellent opportunities for swimming, boating, yachting, cycling, gliding and many others sports. Among outdoor games football takes place in public interests; this game is played in all the countries of the world. The other games in different countries are cricket, volley-ball, basket-ball, and so on. Badminton is also popular both with young and old. Over the last few years aerobics has become popular with young girls and women. Aerobics helps them to be slim, healthy and strong.

Synonymy (equivalence relation)

30 Мая 2012, доклад

Synonymy is a kind of semantic relation. Two words (or phrases) are synonyms when they have the same meaning. (Terms with subtle differences between meanings are termed near-synonyms).
Example. The WordNet database differentiates two meanings of the word “computer”. The first meaning is “a machine for performing calculations automatically”. For this meaning is on January 2004 listed the following six synonyms:
 computer,
 computing machine,
 computing device,
 data processor,

Synopsis

04 Сентября 2009, Не определен

a referat on the topic: “about sport”

Taddy Bear

13 Ноября 2010, Не определен

it is about taddy bear me to you

Taxation in the United Kingdom

01 Июня 2014, реферат

Taxation in the United Kingdom may involve payments to a minimum of two different levels of government: the central government (Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs) and local government. Central government revenues come primarily from income tax, National Insurance contributions,value added tax, corporation tax and fuel duty. Local government revenues come primarily from grants from central government funds, business rates in England and Wales, Council Tax and increasingly from fees and charges such as those from on-street parking. In the fiscal year 2007-08, total government revenue was 39.2 per cent of GDP, with net taxes and National Insurance contributions standing at 36.9 per cent of GDP—approximately £600 billion (using 2008 nominal GDP measured in dollars, and converting using 2009 conversion rate).

Technical characteristics of the computer

20 Ноября 2013, контрольная работа

The most important technical characteristics of the personal computer are:
1. bit - the most important characteristics of a computer , measured in bits , it shows - how many binary digits ( bits ) of information is processed (or transmitted ) per cycle of the microprocessor as well - how many bits can be used to address the RAM computers can be respectively 8 th , 16 - , 32 - and 64 -bit ;
2. Clock frequency - how many elementary operations (cycles) a microprocessor executes one second;
3. RAM capacity, measured in megabytes and is available as a module having 2, 4 , 8, 16, 32 , 64 , 128 , 256 or more MB ( 1GB capacity developed modules ) ;

Teenage problems

02 Апреля 2011, доклад

There are many young people in all over the world. Each of them has one's own view point on their life and their future. There are many problems which are common for all young people. For Example: how to spend their free time, what to do after school, choosing a profession, how to deal with girl and boy-friends and so on.

Teenage problems in the USA

24 Февраля 2014, контрольная работа

Youth is a time of uncertainty and change. Physical, emotional and social changes take place during this time and make adolescence difficult. Hence, at this period teens in every country and especially in America face many problems including depression, sexual pressures, bullying, financial worries, the balance of media and technology as well as drugs and alcohol. Therefore, we will browse the internet to find relevant articles on teen problems from different sources compare and analyze them. We will also quote scientific studies on the nature of teenage problems and try to suggest some ways to somehow face the issue.

Ten Principles of Economics

27 Января 2011, реферат

There is no mystery about what an economy is. Whether we are talking about the economy of Los Angeles, the United States, or the whole world, an economy is just a group of people dealing with one another. Because the behavior of an economy reflects the behavior of the individuals who make up the economy, we begin our study of economics with four principles of individual decision-making.

Term work: Stylistic features of modern English on the example of Wilde's fairy tale “The Nightingale and the Rose”

20 Апреля 2013, курсовая работа

Stylistics, which may be defined as the study of the language of literature, makes use of various tools of linguistic analysis. Stylistics is a field of empirical inquiry, in which the insights and techniques of linguistic theory are used to analyze literary texts. A typical way to do stylistics is to apply the systems of categorisation and analysis of linguistic science to poems and prose, using theories relating to, for example, phonetics, syntax and semantics.
My paper is devoted to the analysis of stylistic features of English. The main goal of the work is to analyze and find in the text examples which belong to stylistic features

Terrorism as a Global Problem

03 Апреля 2011, реферат

Controversial issue is a special sphere of education and social life that is necessary for our intellectual development. It gives us a possibility to get acquainted with significant problems of the modern world and even help to solve them. The number of problems such as international terrorism, discrimination, religion and science conflicts, nuclear weapons and others are of crucial importance and their solution is necessary to preserve the national policy.

Terry Goodkind is a contemporary American writer and autor of the bes1

26 Октября 2010, Не определен

Terry Goodkind is a contemporary American writer and autor of the best-selling epic fantasy series Sword of Truth which, by August 2006, had more than 10 million copies in print and had been translated into 20 different languages. In a recent Publishers Weekly article, it was reported that Goodkind has sold 25 million copies worldwide

Thales' experiments

09 Ноября 2012, реферат

Thales' experiments with amber rods were the first studies into the production of electrical energy. While this method, now known as the triboelectric effect, is capable of lifting light objects and even generating sparks, it is extremely inefficient.] It was not until the invention of the voltaic pile in the eighteenth century that a viable source of electricity became available. The voltaic pile, and its modern descendant, the electrical battery, store energy chemically and make it available on demand in the form of electrical energy.

The City of Masters

28 Января 2011, творческая работа

•to study the cultural heritage of Gorodets
•to examine the tourist market offers of the Gorodets area
•to consider the tourism potentional of Gorodets

The definition of these terms

05 Апреля 2013, реферат

The topic of this work is “Justice and the law. Britain’s legal system”. The object of this work is the legislation of Great Britain. The subject is the peculiarities of the British legislation system. The aim is to learn about this peculiarities. Our task is to understand, what does “justice, law and legal system mean? What concepts are included in these terms? We should know answers to many questions. For example: What denotes such terms as “civil law, common law and religious law” ? We should learn about different law acts and kinds of courts in Great Britain, first of all about the Supreme Court of The UK, its jurisdiction, history, justices. Here you can read, that The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is the supreme court in all matters under English law, Northern Ireland law and Scottish civil law.

The age of great geographical discoveries

12 Января 2015, реферат

I would like to tell about great geographical discoveries because for me it is the most interesting theme in history and I don’t like reading about wars. I think it’s very important to know the great people who developed the history of Mankind.
One of the supreme geographical discoveries is Columbus’s voyage to the coasts of India to the west, through the Atlantic ocean. As a result of this journey a new continent was discovered, that now is called America.

The aims of foreign policy of India

20 Октября 2015, сочинение

The principles of India's foreign policy have stood the test of time: a belief in friendly relations with all countries of the world, the resolution of conflicts by peaceful means, the sovereign equality of all states, independence of thought and action as manifested in the principles of Non-alignment, and equity in the conduct of international relations.
In particular, the improvement of relations with its neighbors has always been one of the pillars of India's foreign policy. The Indian government has taken recent initiatives to further strengthen ties with its neighbors, which have won international appreciation.

The answers on exam of Stylistics

28 Ноября 2014, контрольная работа

The subject of stylistics. Its definition, its connection with other branches of linguistics.
The word “stylistics” is a derivative from “style” which originates from the Latin “stylus/stilus”- a slender pointed writing instrument.
Stylistics - branch of general linguistics. It has mainly with two tasks: St-s – is regarded as a lang-ge science which deals with the results of the act of communication.

The Best Hotel

24 Марта 2011, доклад

The hotel will offer customers eight 1-bedroom units and two 2-bedroom units. Two units have a kitchenette and 2 units can be used together as a suite. Each unit is equipped with two double beds or a queen bed.

The best way to make hospitals green is to keep people out of them

14 Декабря 2010, реферат

LAST month Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) calculated its carbon footprint at 21m tonnes of carbon dioxide a year—just short of the amount emitted by the Drax coal-fired power station in Yorkshire, western Europe’s largest. Unlike the power station’s emissions, though, those of the health service have been increasing: they have grown by 40% since 1990. Other countries fare no better. A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association estimates that America’s health-care industry accounts for 8% of the country’s greenhouse gas emissions. In Germany, a study by the Viamedica Foundation showed that a hospital’s energy expenditure per bed was roughly the same as that of three newly built homes.

The British co-operation with other states

03 Января 2014, лекция

1. It was, perhaps, natural that Britain was unable to give proper attention to its relations with Europe until it was no longer an imperial power. Ever since the growth of its trade beyond Europe during the 17th century, Britain had ceased to be fully active in Europe except at moments of crisis. As long as Europe did not interfere with Britain’s trade, and as long as the balance of power in Europe was not seriously disturbed, Britain could happily neglect European affairs.
At the end of the 18th century Napoleonic France drew Britain further into European politics than it had been, perhaps, since the Hundred Years war. In 1815 Britain co-operated with the other European powers to ensure peace, and it withdrew this support because it did not wish to work with the despotic powers then governing most of Europe. For the rest of the century, European affairs took second place to empire and imperial trade.

The British Monarchy of Canada

13 Апреля 2012, доклад

Canada has been a monarchy for centuries, first under the kings of France in the 16th, 17th, 18th centuries
Monarchy rule in the French colony reflected the politics of France during this period. The French monarchy had absolute rule over its dominions, and exercised this role in New France through a Colonial governor (a representative of Monarch ). The governor was responsible only to the French Monarch, not to the colony’s citizens.

The Category of Number of English Nouns

15 Февраля 2011, курсовая работа

The theme of my course paper sounds as following: «The number category of English noun ». Before beginning of investigation in our theme, I would like to say some words dealt with the theme of my course paper.

The cheese production technology

28 Января 2011, реферат

Cheese – one of the most nutritious and high-calorie foodstuff. His nutritional value is caused by high concentration of fiber and fat, presence of irreplaceable amino acids, vitamins, salts of calcium and the phosphorus necessary for normal development of a human body. Cheese is useful to people of any age and especially for children.


In cheese contains from 18 to 25 % of fiber, and his considerable part is in the soluble form, therefore is well acquired by an organism. In solid of many kinds of cheeses 45-55 % of fat, from 1,5 to 3,5 % of mineral salts contain. Caloric content of cheese fluctuates from 2500 to 4500 calories.

The Chinese foreign policy priorities in Kyrgyzstan

03 Апреля 2011, реферат

Kyrgyzstan is a state of the Central Asian region. Its situation has important geopolitical and geo-economic significance as a bridge connecting West and East, as well as North and South. At the present time Kyrgyzstan is in a period between a communistic past and a democratic future politically, economically, and ethno-historically.

The Church of England

28 Марта 2016, реферат

Everything in this life has its own history, especially Religion, as it is a great institution. With the development of history of a particular country, there will always be development of Religion, since the Church is an integral part of State System. Heathenism, Orthodoxy, Judaism etc.. They have been living for centuries. And some of them were changed, penetrated each other or reformed dramatically.

The circumstances which have caused Crusades

20 Декабря 2010, реферат

Crusades have not only general historical interest, as expression of ideas and mood of minds during the known period of medieval history. On the motives, and it is equal on the nearest consequences, in particular on various and deep influences on mutual relations of the East to the West, crusades aren't deprived special value for history of the East Europe people. Making rather important department in the West European history, crusades are plentiful the external facts and are rich with results which though have been bought by rather expensive price, but have powerfully affected spiritual development of the European people.

The customers can pay their household accounts by electronic transfer.

12 Октября 2010, Не определен

Контрольная работа

The decision through diplomatic channels Israeli-Palestinian conflict

12 Января 2017, контрольная работа

The Arab-Israeli conflict - confrontation between a number of Arab countries and the Arab paramilitary radical groups, supported by a part of the indigenous Arab population controlled by Israel of the Palestinian territories, on the one hand, and the Zionist movement, and then the State of Israel, on the other. Although the State of Israel was created only in 1948, in fact the story of the conflict spans nearly a century since the end of the XIX century, when it was created by the political Zionist movement, marked the beginning of the struggle of the Jews for their own state.