The British Monarchy of Canada

Слайд 1. The British Monarchy of Canada

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Слайд 2.(РИТА) Canada has been a monarchy for centuries, first under the kings of France in the 16^th, 17^th, 18^th centuries 

Monarchy rule in the French colony reflected the politics of  France  during this period. The French monarchy had absolute rule over its dominions, and exercised this role in New France through  a Colonial governor (a representative of Monarch ). The governor was responsible only to the French Monarch, not to the colony’s citizens.

French rule in the  North America came to an end following the Seven years’ War between France and Britain. Слайд 3.(The British  eventually defeated  the French taking control over French colonies through the 1763 Treaty of  Paris.

Gradually under the British Sovereigns, Canada has evolved from a colony to an independent nation.

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(НАСТЯ) Early monarchical rule in the British colonies of North America was absolute. Over time, however, monarchical rule in the Canadian colonies began to weaken.

This began to change in the mid -19^th century with the arrival of responsible government to Canada. Under this system of government, political decision-makers (such as cabinets) became indirectly responsible to regular citizens in the Canadian colonies not to colonial governors.

By the British North America act of 1867, Canada became the first Dominion  within the British empire. The BNA act, 1867 also officially established Canada as a constitutional monarchy and the British monarch as the Canadian Head of State    This meant Canada was a country of the British Empire (now the Commonwealth)  with autonomy in domestic and foreign affairs. However, the British government retained control over foreign policy  and any  amendments to the Canadian constitution.

(РИТА)  The  statute  of  Westminster in 1931, an act of the British Parliament, gave Canada and  other Dominions the authority to make their own laws. Full  constitutional independence was not achieved until 1982.

When the Queen signed the new constitution in 1982 on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, it brought  the Constitution to Canada . British and Canada Parliaments passed parallel acts to make Canada responsible for any future amendment of the constitution  which  includes  the Canadian Charter of  Rights and Freedoms.

(щелкнуть  чтоб появилась королева)Today the Monarch of  Canada  is Elisabeth II.

 

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       Слайд 5  A(НАСТЯ)

As a head of state, the queen remains the fundamental part of Canada’s system of government and their sense of identity.

As a constitutional monarch, the sovereign no longer rules the country, instead, she serves as Head of State of Canada and 14 other Commonwealth realms, as well as the United Kingdom. The Commonwealth is an association of 53 independent countries, almost all of which were formerly under British rule.

 

 

 

(РИТА)  The Queen acts on the advice of the Government of Canada, and she is fully briefed by means of regular communication with the government.

 

Слад 6. 4. The Queen's representatives (читать не надо)

 

The Queen's duties in Canada are carried out by The Queen’s representatives, the Governor General the Lieutenant Governors of the provinces.

The Governor General carries out important parliamentary and ceremonial roles and responsibilities on behalf of The Queen.

(НАСТЯ) These duties range from summoning, proroguing and dissolving Parliament to recognizing the achievements of outstanding Canadians with orders, decorations and medals.

The Governor General also promotes national identity and unity. The Governor General meets Canadians at annual celebrations, such as Canada Day, and national ceremonies, such as Remembrance Day.

Canada’s Governor General is His Excellency the Right Honorable David  Johnson, the 28^th Governor General since Confederation in 1867.

 

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As the living embodiment of the Crown, Her Majesty unites all Canadians in allegiance and gives a collective sense of belonging to the country.

The Queen personifies the state and is the personal symbol of allegiance, unity and authority for all Canadians, legislators, ministers, public servants and members cf the military and police and new citizens all swear allegiance to The Queen. Elections are called and laws are promulgated in The Queen's name.

This symbolic function of the monarchy can be seen in many aspects of Canadian life. For example: The face of the monarch appears on the Canadian currency. This symbolizes the legality of publicly used coins and bills.

Publicly owned lands in Canada are referred to as "Crown lands" or "Crown Corporation.

 

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The Queen is personally involved with Canada and Canadians even though many duties have been delegated to her representative, the Governor General. For-example, Her Majesty supports the work of many Canadian charities and organizations.

The Queen of Canada continues to champion public and voluntary service around the world. Her Majesty is patron of more than 600 charities and organizations, including 33 in Canada.

These include Save The Children - Canada, the Canadian Cancer Society, the Canadian Nurses association and many more. 

 

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The Queen continues to highlight the critical role of the Canadian Forces by serving as Colonel-in-Chef. Captain General and Air Commander-in-Chief of the following units across Canada; for  example the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery, the King’s Own Calgary Regiment and Air Reserve and many others

 

 

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The queen makes frequent tours to Canada Слайд 9

The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh first toured Canada in the fall of 1951. Since her accession to the Throne, Her Majesty has completed more royal tours to Canada than to any other Commonwealth country-22 in all.

The Queen's 2010 Royal Tour highlighted the Canadian record of service. The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh participated in many public events, including the Canada Day, Noon Show on Parliament Hill In Ottawa on July 1.

In 2012, Canada will celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Her Majesty - her 60th anniversary as Queen of Canada.

5. Public opinion Surveys about monarchy. Слайд 10

(РИТА)  Earlier this year, the Environics Institute issued another in a series of Focus Canada studies that have tracked Canadian attitudes for 30 years. Asked to identify Canada's most important symbol, respondents chose a long list, with health care at the top and the monarchy at the bottom The order of symbols on the list hadn't changed in the previous decade

Over the years, public opinion surveys have shown similar results The monarchy is considered irrelevant or of little interest to the largest number of Canadians. Those who care passionately about it. one way or the Other, are in a minority. Of those who do care, however, the pro monarchists are the most committed to their cause.

(НАСТЯ) But, on the other hand Public opinion surveys are of almost no value in judging Canadians' real attitudes, since questions about the monarchy are in the abstract. There has never been a sustained, serious debate in Canada about the monarchy, as in Australia. No political party has ever demanded one; no political leader has ever encouraged one. Whatever their private views, they haven't considered the issue important enough.

But in general most Canadian are very loyal to the monarchy and they can’t understand their state without a monarch. So, the Canadians  think that the monarchs will be among  them for many Canada days to come.

 

Слайд 11 Thank  you for attention