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What are your associations with mass media? Make a list of them.
What mass media do you know? Classify them into some groups.
What mass medium appeared firstlast? Prove your answer.
The beginning or lead contains most of the 5 W’s
(Most important information)
Interesting facts and quotes
are added in the body of
the news story.
The least important details
are added at the end or
the bottom of the story
.
In the inverted-pyramid structure, information following the lead expands or develops the point that is made in the lead. In the case of the storm report, the writer might describe the scene of the worst devastation, and then include a quote from a survivor or an emergency worker. Supporting paragraphs would elaborate on the topic, filling in details and providing background on the storm. In a longer story, a reporter might include secondary information that is related to the primary theme but not directly. The storm story, for example, could include information about international relief efforts, and the needs of survivors, both immediate and long term. One reason for the popularity of this structure is that editors can cut from the bottom to save space and time without worrying about cutting vital information (The Journalists, № 2, 2010).
IV. There are 10 terms every journalist should know. Work with the dictionary and match terms and definitions.
| 1. Lead | a. A newspaper’s library of clippings of old articles. |
| 2. Dateline | b. A source who does not want to be identified in a news story. |
| 3. Anonymous Source | c. The name of a news story's author usually put at the start of the article. |
| 4. Attribute | d. To tell readers where the information in a news story comes from. |
| 5. Morgue | e. To cover a particular area or topic, such as cops, courts or city council. |
| 6. Byline | f. The city, from which a news story originates, usually placed at the start of the story. |
| 7. Source | g. Anyone you interview for a news story. |
| 8. Inverted Pyramid | h. The content of a news article. |
| 9. Copy | i. The model used to describe how a news story is structured. It means the heaviest or most important news goes at the top of the story, and the lightest, or least important, goes at the bottom. |
| 10. Beat | j. The first sentence of a hard-news story; a succinct summary of the story’s main point. |
TEAMWORK PROJECT
Scan the sample of news arithmetic. Work in groups make up your formula of catchy news. Here’s one way to sum up what is and isn’t news:
1 ordinary person + 1 ordinary life = 0
1 ordinary person + 1 extraordinary adventure = news
1 husband + 1 wife = 0
1 husband + 3 wives = news
1 bank cashier + 1 spouse + 7 children = 0
1 bank cashier – $20,000 = news
1 ordinary person + 1 ordinary life of 79 years = 0
1 ordinary
person + 1 ordinary life of 100 years = news
WRITING/ PROJECT WORK
Let’s have a go at writing news in brief, or news story. The scenario is this: following a bus crash, you have interviewed three people and gathered the information detailed in the panel. Your editor wants 80–90-word news. Where do you begin?
Statement from Chief Inspector George Brown, of Leodis Police
“A man was taken to Leodis General Hospital at approximately 6 am yesterday after the single-decker bus he was driving was in collision with an end terrace property at Balmoral Road, Leodis. Mr Ted Jones, 48, of 72 Windsor Drive, Leodis, sustained minor cuts and bruises but was discharged later the same day. It is understood that he lost control of the bus after encountering a patch of black ice. There were no passengers on board and no charges will be brought against him. The householder, Mrs Joan Smith, 67, was upstairs in bed at the time of
the collision and did not sustain any injuries, although I understand that she was treated for shock at the scene. Her property sustained substantial internal and external structural damage, but it remains habitable.”
Statement from Mrs Joan Smith, of 21 Balmoral Road, Leodis:
“I’m an early riser and was just about to get up when I heard a loud bang downstairs. I threw on my dressing gown and hurried down to investigate. The kitchen looked as if an earthquake had hit it. There was a hole in one wall and there was dust and plaster and bricks everywhere. It was a terrible shock. ‘I don’t know how long it will take to sort out all the mess. The wall has been boarded up for now, but the whole kitchen needs rebuilding. The cooker and washing machine were both damaged and I’ll need to completely redecorate. I’d set aside the morning to make a cake for my grandson’s second birthday party on Saturday, but it could be weeks before I can do any baking in my own kitchen again.”
Statement from Mr Ted Jones, of Windsor Drive, Leodis, a driver for the Leodis Bus Company:
“I
left the army a year ago after 15 years as a driver with the mechanical
engineering corps. I was unemployed for nearly 11 months before getting
this job with the Leodis Bus Company. I’ve spent about four weeks
training and learning the routes and yesterday was the first time I’d
taken a bus out on my own. I was on the early morning shift and hadn’t
even had a single passenger when I accidentally took a wrong turn and
ended up in Balmoral Road. It was a cold, icy morning and the bus skidded
on a patch of black ice near Mrs. Smith’s house. I lost control and
ended up slamming into her kitchen wall. I can’t believe that this
has happened. I went through the whole of the first Gulf war without
getting even a scratch. The first time I take a bus out on my own I
demolish a kitchen and end up in hospital”.
VIDEO
PROJECT
You
are going to record a radio or TV interview. One of you is the everyday
person who did something very interesting; the other is the journalist
who wants to interview him.
Lead –in:
1) You have to imagine that you are famous. Look at the table and decide individually whether the situations are positive or negative. Then compare your answers with group mates. Can you think of another situation which is either positive or negative about being famous?
|
| |||
| having your photograph in the newspapers | ||||
| being interviewed for gossip magazines | ||||
| only eating in expensive restaurants | ||||
| always being followed by the paparazzi | ||||
| only having other famous people as your friends | ||||
| only travelling first class and staying in posh hotels | ||||
| being asked for your autograph every day | ||||
| always being recognized wherever you go | ||||
| having everyone around you smiling and wanting to please you | ||||
2) Although newspapers and magazines are usually full of information about famous people there are also everyday people in the news too.
For example: A person who…
• rescued a baby from a burning house
• won the lottery
Work in groups of two to brainstorm more examples for why everyday people are in the news. These examples should be written on little strips of paper and then folded up in a container.
I. Grammar and vocabulary
1) Match the journalist’s questions with the example answers. Tip: To question 4 the answer is the background to the story. Notice the past continuous and past simple structures. I was doing x when y happened. Write your suggestions for this structure.
| 1) What’s your name? |
| |
| 2) What’s your job? | astonished, thought the money not real. v. surprised – money there for long time | |
| 3) What did you do? | Julia | |
| 4) How did that happen? | my daughter, Sue, 13 | |
| 5) Who was with you when it happened? | manager | |
| 6) How did you feel at the time? | no thanks, want to be normal mum with normal job | |
| 7) How do you feel now? | found $1 million in box in roof, gave money to children’s charity | |
| 8) Do you want a film made about the event? | happy to help the children |
2) To question 6 name other adjectives to describe feelings.
For example: excited, delighted, amused.
3) Match halves to make word combinations describing feelings.
Heart of adrenaline
Butterflies palms
Rush pounding
Sweaty terror
To strike in the stomach
4) Imagine the situation that your story caught the attention of a Hollywood film director and there’s a possibility to make a film. This is your opportunity to have fame and fortune – how do your feel about that?! Julia was clearly not interested.
II. Writing
1) Take the folded strips you collected during the lead-in. Each pair should pull out one of the examples from the container. This is your situation and is the answer to question 3 What did you do? Write this example in the gap under the question.
2) Work in pairs to answer the remaining seven questions, writing in note form, as Julia’s example, and not in full sentences.
III. Preparing to record
1) Take it in turns to interview each other, use the notes. You may add more information while speaking. Rehearse this enough times until you are confident enough to be recorded.
2) To record a video as a TV interview you will need a digital camera or mobile phone. You should sit side by side but angled towards each other. The camera needs to be positioned so that both people can be clearly seen. The journalist usually makes an introduction before doing the interview and thanks the person at the end.
Follow top tips on recording a video
IV. ROUND-TABLE DISCUSSION
1) After the interviews have been recorded watch them together. What recording is of high quality? Prove your viewpoint.
2) Analyze all recordings, make a list of drawbacks. Try to give pieces of advice how to overcome it in future as if you were a professional reporter.
LISTENING
ACTIVITY
Lead-in:
I. Match the words from the left-hand column with the words in the right-hand column.
translated into круглолицый, полнощекий
discrepancy худые
vertically challenged разница или несоответствие
windfall непредвиденный доход
the long and short of обычно зарабатывают меньше
counterpart суть
tend to get slimmer pay packets приводит или служит причиной
slender низкие
chubby коллега
II. You have the title “Tall people earn more” and the list of 9 words and phrases, work in groups of three and write a short news story containing the vocabulary items. Then listen to the news story to see if there are similarities between two stories.
III. Listen once more and complete the following text with these expressions, using them in the appropriate form. Mind one extra item. Compare answers with a partner.
TALL PEOPLE EARN MORE
Researchers in Australia have found that tall people earn higher wages than their shorter counterparts. They also found that chubby people earn more than those who are skinny.
1_________ this Australian report is that tall workers earn significantly more than their __2_____ _____3___. A six foot man can expect a ___4______ of almost $750 a year.
The researchers found there were practical reasons why the size gap ___5___ _a pay gap. Tall people were sometimes more capable of performing certain physical tasks, like reaching high shelves. But the ____6____ is explained mainly by discrimination, the simple fact that society tends to look on tall people as more powerful and smarter, even when they're not.
The study from the Australian National University also found that slimmer workers ______7___. Fat men earn 5% more than their __8____ colleagues.
IV. Circle any additional unknown words/phrases in the article. In pairs/groups, use your dictionaries to understand the meanings. Present to the class.
V. Answer the questions to check comprehension.
JOURNALISTIC PORTFOLIO: NEWS ANCHOR
Ann Curry is the news anchor of NBC News’ TODAY, America’s No. 1 morning news program, and the anchor of “Dateline NBC,” the network’s award-winning newsmagazine. Curry joined TODAY in March of 1997, and in May 2005, she was named co-anchor of “Dateline NBC.” Curry also regularly substitute-anchors on “NBC Nightly News with Brian Williams.”
Curry has distinguished herself in global humanitarian reporting, frequently traveling to remote areas for under-reported stories. Between March 2006 and March 2007, she traveled three times to Sudan to report on the violence and ethnic cleansing taking place in Darfur and Chad. While there, she provided in-depth reports on victims of the deadly conflict in that region, and conducted exclusive interviews with Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir and Chadian President.
In spring 2008, Curry broadcast live from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where she reported on the horrific struggles of the women and children of the city of Goma. In 2008 she also traveled to Serbia, where she examined the deplorable conditions of Serbia’s mental institutions. Curry was the first network news anchor to report on the humanitarian refugee crisis caused by the genocide in Kosovo in 1999, reporting for NBC News from Albania and Macedonia.
Curry has conducted numerous exclusive interviews with world leaders and dignitaries, including a one-on-one with Dalai Lama during his trip to the U.S. amid violence in Tibet in April 2008, and a sit-down with former Pakistan Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto just two months before her assassination in December 2007. Curry also talked to Pakistani president Asif Ali Zardari in his first-ever interview with an American news organization.
In July 2006, Curry reported on the Israel-Lebanon war, one of the only American reporters to file stories on both sides of the conflict. In summer 2005, Curry traveled throughout Africa with then-first lady Laura Bush to examine the continent’s HIV/AIDS epidemic, women's rights and education.
Curry was the first network news anchor to report from inside the tsunami zone in Southeast Asia. For TODAY, Curry has extensively examined the effects of climate change, traveling to Antarctica and the South Pole in November 2007, and climbing Mount Kilimanjaro in November 2008.
In weeks following the attacks of September 11, Curry reported live from ground zero every day. When the U.S. bombed Al Qaeda targets in Afghanistan in November 2001, she reported extensively from the USS Theodore Roosevelt in the Arabian Sea, and landed the first exclusive interview with the war’s military commander, General Tommy Franks.
Curry
has earned four Emmy Awards, four Golden Mikes, several Associated Press
Certificates of Excellence, two Gracie Allen Awards, and an award for
Excellence in Reporting from the NAACP. In June 2007, Curry was honored
with the Simon Wiesenthal Medal of Valor for her extensive reporting
in Darfur. She has been awarded by Americares, Save the Children, the
Anti-Defamation League as a Woman of Achievement, and the Asian American
Journalists Association, receiving its National Journalism Award in
2003. She has also won numerous awards for her charity work, primarily
for breast cancer research.
DISCUSSION ACTIVITY
What
personality traits would make a person well-suited for a job such as
Curry’s – dealing with Al Qaeda, AIDS epidemic, natural disasters?
ROLE-PLAY
If you attended a press conference with Ann Curry, what questions would you want to ask her? Consider her job, background and experience.
In
a group, plan and dramatize this press conference.
GLOSSARY
| to be onto
the air
to be of broad interest to be in the public eye controversy draft a good rule of thumb to have an impact on the reader laconic a lucid fashion news
|
newsworthy
proximity quote (n/v) to record timeliness to verify the information |