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In this research paper I have been analyzed Central Asia as being an attractive and significant place in entire world in terms of its geopolitical location and rich resources assets, where the main world actors in the face of the US, Russia,China have been pursuing their own national interets.
Conclusion
After the end era of the USSR and the collapse of the bipolar system of international relations have changed geopolitical realities of present day. On the Eurasian continent was formed a number of new independent states, to whom faced the task of constructing its international relations.
For the Central Asian countries feature was that they started this task, relying on the Russian Federation, as initially it was Moscow's position was dominating in the region. However, this does not dispel them with responsibility for shaping its own foreign policy. The Central Asian States were to independently develop and make foreign policy decisions, the nature of which depended on many factors. This is the geographical position of the state, and the presence of military and economic power, cultural, historical traditions, and this type of political system and social structure of society, the individual characteristics of political leaders - in short, the whole complex geopolitical factors peculiar to a particular State and historical period.
The Central Asia became the place of interest confrontation among the key actor in the world community in the face of Russia, the US, China and European Union, where each of these states pursuing its own vital interests. First of all, main goals are to return the former Soviet Asian republics in Russian geopolitclaspace, weaken the invasion offoreign non-Russian capital in the region’s economy. Russian goals in this region are viewed as displacement of US influence and non-admission of Chinese domination.
China carries out long-term
program for economic growth and modernization of the country by mid-XXI,
consistently pursues the development of good neighborly relations with
all countries with which it borders, including with Central Asian. Chinese
main objectives in the Central Asian region are security and economic
activity. The following threats to Chinese national security are Uighur
separatism in China, religious extremism and terrorism both domestically
and in the region in general, drug trafficking, and American military
presence in region.
Separate block is the question the presence of American military bases
in Central Asia; pose a serious problem for China's geostrategic and
geopolitical terms. Moreover, the prospect of further long-term presence
in no way satisfied with the official Beijing. The government of China
will use any methods to persuade the leaders of Central Asian countries
to change the size and shape of the American military presence within
their countries and the region as a whole. China is also pursuing a
long-term regional economic objective. China currently ranked the third
place in the world in terms of energy consumption after the US and Japan.
Moreover, the projected ten years later the number of consumed energy, China will overtake Japan. In these circumstances, the role of Central Asia is increasing dramatically.
The main purposes of the US in the Central Asia are energy interests (development projects in the Caspian Sea, the construction of alternative pipelines, ensuring stability of supply of hydrocarbons to world markets), containment of Russia’s desire to restore the empire (In this context support of sovereignty in the region, regional integration, links with outside world, the implementation of international projects. preventing the expansion of China in the region (transition of excessive economic power in the political, an anti-western Beijing's policies in Central Asia, the establishment of cooperation with Russia Sino-Russian dictatorship in the region);human rights (support for democratic change, the introduction of Western normative values and etc.);the struggle against Islamic extremism and international terrorism (continued anti-terrorist operation in Afghanistan, deterring Iran and its ambition in the region, combating drug trafficking, support for secular institutions in the region).
European huge interest in CA region is viewed in natural resources (energy), primarily in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, the transit entry opportunity in the Asian Pacific Region and the strengthening of EU security.
Great Game" between the
centers of geopolitical power for influence in Central Asia has increased.
Moreover, the positions of its members have become tougher. And in some
major geopolitical actors - Russia, China and the U.S. - has fundamentally
changed its approach to the region as a whole and for individual States
that are, in particular, within its territory. Now it's not only competition
for natural resources but also for political influence. Confrontation
in the triangle of the United States - Russia - China continues to grow.
How hard can it be, is difficult to predict, but it is clear that the
lack of consensus on these three major geopolitical players in a region
will always give rise to a lot of problems.
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