Tower “Red gate”

Astrakhan state university 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Tower “Red gate” 
 
 

                                                                                                                                                              The student of group RT-11:

                                                                                                                                    Ivannikov Sergey Sergeevich 

                                                                                                                                                                               The teacher:

                                                                                                                                       Metelskaya Elena Vladimirovna 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Astrakhan 2009 year 

The tower "Red gate" was on the highest place of the Kremlin hillock in a northwest wall. The Volga coast behind walls кремля at Red gate was high, the slope is abrupt. Ladders which nowadays conduct to a tower "Red gate", in olden time did not exist. The name Red gate have received from астраханцев as the best, elegant. After all in old times definition meant "red" "beautiful fine".

In XVII century in a niche over Red collars the image Prechistoj of the Virgin hung. Kazan.

The tower "Red gate" was 12-faced unique of all Kremlin towers had; vaulted overlapping, "which owing to considerable flight leant against the 8-faced column put inside". It was convenient for all-round defence, served as command point, the kernel from it flied on 200-300 m, raking two thirds of Volga. About its fighting power speaks quantity gun and пищальных the fights located on fighting circles in thickness of walls. The tower had 41 loophole and стрельницу. From them 12 стрельниц settled down in a teeth. In XVII century from height of the Red tower were well visible all кремль and a part посада. With alarm peered into the Volga distance стрелецкие "heads" in expectation of approach of the enemy. And after long winter days from a tower looked out moving on the river towards a city for grain caravans.

       By the end of a XVII-th century it has decayed and has been disassembled. In 1800 on its place have constructed the classical round pavilion which facades have been decorated by graceful pilasters. On pavilion top the flagstaff for posting regimental штандарта has been established. In the end of a XIX-th century pavilion have converted in fire каланчу. "In 1958 in connection with restoration works fire каланча has been taken down", and the tower "Red gate" is restored in forms of XVI century.