Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 10 Января 2015 в 03:11, реферат
Many labels circulate for the era between the Civil War and World War I—the Gilded Age, La Belle Epoque, the Age of Realism, the Age of Energy, the Age of Darwin, the Age of Colonialism and Empire. To imagine what America was like during this dynamic period, we need them all: this was a time of unprecedented wealth for thousands of Americans, and urban poverty for millions of new immigrants; there was political upheaval in the streets, technological revolution everywhere, and exuberant experimentation in the arts.
Introduction.
The term “naturalism”, its appearance.
Naturalism movement in America.
American naturalists.
Conclusion.
Used sources.
A popular writer, Glasgow was on the best-seller lists five times. In 1942 she received the Pulitzer Prize for her last published novel, In This Our Life, though by this time her powers had declined. Her artistic recognition had reached its height in 1931 when, as the acknowledged doyenne of southern letters, she presided over the Southern Writers Conference at the University of Virginia.
CONCLUSION
The literary naturalism movement had a tremendous effect on twentieth-century literature. Donald Prizer, author of Twentieth-Century Literary Naturalism, conducted an analysis to see exactly what attributes tied the different naturalistic texts together and gave them their naturalistic identity. He used John Dos Passos, John Steinbeck, and James T. Farrell's works in his experiment. Ultimately, Prizer concluded that the naturalistic tradition that glued these authors and their works together was the concept of the struggle between fiercely deterministic forces in the world and the individual's desire to exert freedom in the world. In other words, a reflection on Jean-Jacques Rousseau's quote, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains," is what Donald Prizer is striving for. He states, "The naturalistic novelist is willing to concede that there are fundamental limitations to man's freedom, but he is unwilling to concede that man is thereby stripped of all value." Based on this, Prizer came up with three recurring themes in naturalistic writing: 1) the tragic waste of human potential due to vile circumstances, 2) order (or the lack of), and 3) the individual's struggle to understand the forces affecting one's life. In fact, the impact that the naturalism movement had on American writers of the twentieth century was colossal. It led to the evolution of the modernism movement, during the dreadfully real times of World War I and World War II, and made one realize that life was truly a struggle to embrace the forces of nature that toyed with the individual.
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