Etymological doublets

ETYMOLOGICAL DOUBLETS  

Sometimes a word is borrowed twice from the same language.  As the result, we have two different words with different spellings and meanings but historically they come back to one and the same word. Such words are called etymological doublets. In English there are some groups of them:

Latino-French doublets.

Latin        English from Latin                 English from French

uncia                        inch                                        ounce

moneta                    mint                                        money

camera                     camera                                   chamber 

Franco-French doublets 

doublets  borrowed from different dialects of French.

Norman                     Paris

canal                      channel

captain                   chieftain

catch                       chaise  

                             Scandinavian-English doublets

Scandinavian               English

skirt                             shirt

scabby                         shabby            

There are also etymological doublets which were borrowed from the same language during different historical periods, such as French doublets: gentil - любезный, благородный, etymological doublets are: gentle - мягкий, вежливый and genteel - благородный. From the French word gallant  etymological doublets are : ‘gallant - храбрый and ga’llant - галантный, внимательный.

Sometimes etymological doublets are the result of borrowing different grammatical forms of the same word, e.g. the Comparative degree of Latin «super» was «superior» which was borrowed into English with the meaning «high in some quality or rank». The Superlative degree  (Latin «supremus»)in English «supreme» with the meaning «outstanding», «prominent».  So «superior» and «supreme» are etymological doublets.